1.定义
表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.
2.引导表语从句的关联词的种类
1)可接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2)从属连词whether,as,as if / though引导的表语从句。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
3)because,why引导的表语从句。
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他没有理解我。(That's because…强调原因)
That's why he got angry with me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why…强调结果)
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导,不宜用because.
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me.
我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
4)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词 where,when,how,why
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5)从属连词that
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
6)使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示,should可省略。常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
3.注意
1)连系动词be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表语从句。
It seems(that)he was late for the train.
看来他没搭上火车。
2)引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。
a)wh-疑问词
What I wonder is when he left.
我想知道他是何时离开的。
b)whether
My question is whether he left(or not). 我的问题是他是否离开了。
注:if不能引导表语从句。
c)that
注:引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。
The truth is(that)I didn't go there. 事实是我没去那儿。
d)because,as,as if,as though
He looks as if he's tired. 他好像累了。
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